Blisters are small pockets of fluid that form under the skin due to friction, heat, moisture, or burns. These raised bumps often appear on areas like the heels, toes, or hands when skin is repeatedly rubbed or irritated—for example, when shoes are too tight or tools are used without gloves.

Most blisters are mild and can be treated safely at home without medical intervention.

Treatment

If the blister is not too painful, try to keep the skin intact. The unbroken layer over the blister acts as a barrier against bacteria and lowers the risk of infection. You can cover the blister with a bandage or moleskin, which is a soft fabric designed to protect high-friction areas.

To apply moleskin correctly:

  • Cut a piece that’s about 1 inch (2.5 centimeters) larger than the blister.

  • Fold it in half and cut a hole roughly the size of the blister from the center.

  • Place the moleskin around the blister, aligning the hole directly over it.

  • Cover the area with gauze to hold everything in place.

If the blister becomes painful or likely to rupture, draining it may help—but do not remove the skin on top.

How To Drain a Blister Safely

To reduce pain and minimize the risk of infection, follow these steps:

  • Wash your hands and clean the blister with soap and water.

  • Apply antiseptic to the surface of the blister.

  • Disinfect a needle with rubbing alcohol or an antiseptic wipe.

  • Puncture the blister near the edge in a few places to release the fluid.

  • Leave the top skin layer intact.

  • Apply an antibiotic ointment or petroleum jelly, then cover the area with a sterile, nonstick bandage or gauze.

  • After a few days, trim away any dead skin using sterilized scissors or tweezers.

  • Reapply ointment and cover the area again.

  • Check the site daily for signs of infection.

If you have diabetes, poor circulation, or a history of skin infections, take extra care or speak to a healthcare provider before attempting to drain the blister.

When To Call Your Doctor

Contact a healthcare provider if the blister shows signs of infection, such as:

  • Redness spreading beyond the blister

  • Increasing pain, swelling, or warmth

  • Pus or unusual fluid drainage

These may indicate a bacterial infection that requires medical treatment.

Prevention

To avoid blisters in the future, consider the following tips:

  • Wear shoes that fit well and don’t cause rubbing.

  • Choose moisture-wicking socks instead of cotton.

  • Dust your socks with foot powder before activity.

  • Use athletic tape or moleskin on areas that frequently blister.

  • Add blister pads or gel inserts inside shoes for extra cushioning.

  • Wear gloves when doing repetitive tasks like raking or paddling.

  • Treat “hot spots” immediately with tape or moleskin to prevent skin breakdown.

  • Change into dry socks during the day if your feet get sweaty or wet.