Dogs are prone to a wide range of skin issues, and yeast infections are among the most common. If your dog is persistently scratching, licking, or shaking its head, a yeast overgrowth might be the culprit. Though not contagious, yeast infections can cause considerable discomfort and may worsen if left untreated.

In this guide, we'll explore what causes yeast infections in dogs, how to recognize the signs, and what you can do to effectively treat and prevent them.

What Is a Yeast Infection in Dogs?

A yeast infection in dogs occurs when there is an overproduction of yeast—specifically a type called Malassezia pachydermatis. This organism naturally exists in small amounts on your dog’s skin, ears, paws, and other areas. Normally, your dog’s immune system and skin microbiome keep yeast under control. However, when this balance is disrupted, yeast can multiply quickly and cause inflammation, irritation, and other symptoms.

Yeast infections typically affect areas of the body that are warm and moist, such as:

  • The ears

  • Skin folds (e.g., around the neck, legs, and tail)

  • Between the paw pads

  • Around the anus or vulva

Common Causes of Yeast Overgrowth in Dogs

Yeast overgrowth doesn’t happen without a trigger. Several underlying factors can contribute to a yeast infection:

1. Allergies

Food allergies, flea allergies, or environmental allergies (like pollen or dust) can inflame the skin and cause oil production to increase—creating a perfect environment for yeast.

2. Antibiotics

While antibiotics fight off harmful bacteria, they also kill beneficial bacteria that help keep yeast levels in check. Without bacterial competition, yeast can grow unchecked.

3. Steroid Use

Corticosteroids suppress the immune response. Though useful for treating autoimmune or allergic conditions, they can reduce the body’s ability to manage yeast and other organisms.

4. Chronic Health Conditions

Diseases like diabetes or hormonal imbalances such as hypothyroidism can compromise the skin's defenses and promote yeast infections.

5. Excess Moisture

Dogs that frequently swim or have floppy ears that trap moisture are at higher risk of ear infections caused by yeast.

Signs of Yeast Infections in Dogs

Yeast infections can vary in intensity and presentation depending on where they occur. Common symptoms include:

  • Constant scratching, biting, or licking

  • Red or inflamed skin

  • Oily or greasy coat

  • Foul-smelling odor from ears or skin

  • Hair loss in affected areas

  • Thickened, “elephant-like” skin

  • Brownish debris in ears

  • Head shaking or ear tilting

  • Discoloration of nails (especially brown or reddish)

In some cases, dogs may rub their face on carpets or furniture in an attempt to relieve itchiness. Yeast infections in the ears are especially common and can also lead to head shaking or sensitivity when touched.

How Vets Diagnose Yeast Infections

To confirm a yeast infection, your veterinarian will perform one or more of the following procedures:

  • Swab or Tape Test: A sample of skin or ear debris is collected using a cotton swab or clear adhesive tape.

  • Microscopy: The sample is examined under a microscope to determine if yeast cells are present and how extensive the overgrowth is.

  • Cytology or Culture: In some cases, your vet may order a lab culture to identify the exact type of organism and rule out bacteria or mites.

It's common for yeast infections to appear alongside other issues like bacterial infections or skin parasites, so a thorough exam is important to guide effective treatment.

Treating Yeast Infections in Dogs

The treatment your dog needs will depend on the severity and location of the yeast infection. Veterinary care usually involves:

Topical Treatments

For mild or localized infections, your vet may prescribe topical products such as:

  • Medicated shampoos with antifungal agents like chlorhexidine or miconazole

  • Ointments or creams for spot application

  • Ear cleansers and drops for ear infections

Application tips:

  • Wash oily or scaly skin first with a degreasing shampoo to improve medication absorption.

  • Lather antifungal shampoos and allow them to sit for 5–10 minutes before rinsing.

  • Apply topical products once or twice daily as directed.

Oral Medications

When infections are widespread or resistant to topical treatment, oral antifungal medications may be necessary. These include:

  • Ketoconazole

  • Itraconazole

  • Fluconazole

  • Terbinafine

Because these drugs may affect the liver, especially with prolonged use, your vet may request blood tests to monitor organ function.

Relief for Itching

To ease your dog’s discomfort while the antifungal treatment takes effect, your vet might recommend an anti-itch medication such as:

  • Apoquel (oclacitinib)

  • Cytopoint (injection for itch relief)

  • Corticosteroids (short-term use only)

Can You Use Home Remedies?

While some pet owners turn to natural treatments, these should only be used with caution and under veterinary guidance.

Common Home Approaches:

  • Diluted apple cider vinegar: May help restore skin pH and reduce yeast but can sting open wounds.

  • Coconut oil: Has antifungal properties and may soothe irritated skin.

  • Herbal rinses: Some people use chamomile tea or green tea to calm the skin.

Note: Some popular remedies like tea tree oil can be toxic to dogs if not properly diluted. Never apply anything to your dog’s skin or ears without confirming its safety with a vet.

Preventing Future Yeast Infections

Yeast infections can recur if the underlying issue isn't resolved. Here are some strategies to help prevent future outbreaks:

1. Address Allergies

If your dog has food or environmental sensitivities, your vet may recommend dietary changes or allergy testing.

2. Regular Cleaning

Routinely clean your dog’s ears, paws, and skin folds—especially after swimming or bathing.

3. Groom Consistently

Keep hair trimmed around moist areas, and use vet-approved hygiene products to reduce skin buildup and oiliness.

4. Maintain Skin Health

A high-quality diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids can support healthy skin and coat, which helps defend against fungal infections.

5. Use Preventive Products

Some antifungal shampoos and wipes are safe for regular use and may help suppress yeast overgrowth in dogs that are prone to it.

Breeds More Prone to Yeast Infections

Certain breeds are more likely to experience yeast-related skin problems due to their anatomy or genetic tendencies:

  • Basset Hounds

  • Cocker Spaniels

  • Bulldogs

  • Poodles

  • Shih Tzus

  • Dachshunds

  • Lhasa Apsos

  • West Highland White Terriers

These dogs often have skin folds, floppy ears, or dense coats that trap moisture and heat—ideal conditions for yeast growth.

Final Thoughts

Yeast infections in dogs can be frustrating for both pets and their owners, but with proper diagnosis, targeted treatment, and consistent preventive care, most dogs recover fully. If you suspect your dog has a yeast infection, don't wait—seek veterinary guidance as soon as possible. Early treatment reduces discomfort and prevents complications.