What Is Belladonna?

Belladonna, also known as deadly nightshade, is a highly toxic plant native to Asia, Europe, and parts of the United States. Despite its poisonous properties, belladonna has a long history of medicinal use. The plant contains active compounds like atropine and scopolamine—substances known for their pharmacological effects.

Historically, belladonna has been used to relieve conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), migraines, and cold symptoms. However, due to safety concerns and limited scientific support, modern medicine rarely uses belladonna.

Important: Belladonna should never be consumed on its own and should only be used in prescribed forms under medical supervision.

Possible Health Benefits

1. May Relieve IBS Symptoms

In the past, belladonna was included in medications for managing IBS symptoms like stomach cramps and excessive gastrointestinal activity. It worked by slowing gut motility and reducing stomach acid.

However, recent studies have not confirmed belladonna’s effectiveness for IBS, and safer alternatives are now available.

2. Historical Use for Kidney Stones

Before the 1930s, belladonna was sometimes prescribed to ease pain from kidney stones. While this use is now obsolete, it shows how belladonna was once integrated into treatment protocols.

There’s currently no scientific consensus supporting the safety or efficacy of belladonna for this purpose.

3. Interest in Treating Other Conditions

Despite its toxicity, some researchers have explored belladonna’s potential in managing:

  • Asthma

  • Hemorrhoids

  • Parkinson’s disease

  • Rheumatoid arthritis

Again, no robust clinical evidence supports belladonna’s use for these conditions, and modern alternatives are typically preferred.

How To Use Belladonna

Belladonna can be administered in several forms, including:

  • Oral tablets

  • Topical creams

  • Eye drops

  • Rectal suppositories

Because of the plant’s dangerous nature, these formulations should only be used under professional guidance. Belladonna is rarely prescribed today.

Dosage

There’s no standardized dose for belladonna due to its high risk. If a doctor prescribes a belladonna-based product, follow their instructions precisely. Never use the raw plant.

Is Belladonna Safe?

No. Belladonna carries serious health risks and is not recommended for general use. The FDA has issued warnings against its use—especially in products aimed at infants.

Notable Concerns:

  • Infant products: Linked to seizures, breathing issues, and death.

  • Eye drops: Associated with glaucoma and unequal pupil size (anisocoria).

  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Unsafe due to potential toxicity and risk of reduced milk production.

Drug Interactions

Belladonna acts as an anticholinergic, blocking the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. This means it can negatively interact with several types of medication.

Common Interactions Include:

  • Other anticholinergics: May amplify side effects like confusion, constipation, and blurry vision.

  • Cisapride (Propulsid): Belladonna may reduce its efficacy by counteracting its effects on gut motility.

Supplement Safety and Labeling

Many supplements containing belladonna are not regulated by the FDA. These products may:

  • Contain more belladonna than labeled

  • Include undeclared ingredients

Tips for Safer Use:

  • Look for third-party certifications (USP, NSF)

  • Read ingredient lists carefully

  • Avoid use unless specifically prescribed

Toxicity and Overdose Risk

Consuming even a small amount of belladonna can be dangerous:

  • Adults: As few as 10 berries can be lethal

  • Children: Toxic effects possible with just 2 berries

Symptoms of overdose include:

  • Rapid heartbeat

  • Hallucinations

  • Slurred speech

  • Coma

  • Death

Side Effects of Belladonna

Even in low doses, belladonna can cause:

  • Blurred vision and pupil dilation

  • Dry mouth

  • Fever

  • Memory loss and confusion

  • Constipation and trouble urinating

  • Decreased sweating

Infants and children are particularly vulnerable to its toxic effects.

Summary

Belladonna is a toxic plant with a long history in herbal medicine. While it may have benefits in treating certain conditions, its high risk of toxicity and lack of modern scientific backing make it a questionable choice.

Key Takeaway: Avoid using belladonna unless under strict medical supervision. Safer, more effective alternatives are widely available today.