Gastroenteritis, often referred to as the “stomach flu,” is a common illness in children that involves inflammation of the stomach and intestines. Despite the name, it is not related to the influenza virus. Instead, it is typically caused by viruses, with rotavirus being one of the most frequent culprits. In some cases, bacteria or parasites may also be responsible.

Stomach flu spreads easily and can affect children of all ages. While most cases resolve on their own, it’s important for caregivers to recognize symptoms early and know how to manage them, especially to prevent dehydration.

Causes and Symptoms of the Stomach Flu

The viruses that cause gastroenteritis are highly contagious. They are often present in an infected person’s vomit or diarrhea and can remain active on surfaces for hours or even days. Transmission usually happens through:

  • Touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the mouth

  • Close contact with an infected person

  • Eating or drinking contaminated food or water

Symptoms generally begin one to two days after exposure and may include:

  • Nausea and vomiting

  • Watery diarrhea

  • Fever and chills

  • Headache

  • Abdominal cramps or discomfort

While the illness is usually short-lived, lasting a few days, it can be more severe in infants and younger children.

Why Dehydration Is a Serious Concern

One of the most significant risks associated with the stomach flu is dehydration. When a child loses a lot of fluids through vomiting and diarrhea and isn’t able to drink enough to replace it, their body can become dangerously depleted.

Signs of dehydration in children may include:

  • Dry mouth and lips

  • Fewer wet diapers or decreased urination

  • No tears when crying

  • Sunken eyes or soft spot on an infant’s head

  • Fatigue or unusual sleepiness

  • Dark or concentrated urine

If you notice any of these signs, especially in a baby or toddler, it’s important to contact a healthcare provider promptly.

Supporting Your Child’s Recovery at Home

Most children with the stomach flu can recover safely at home with rest and proper hydration. Here are some helpful steps to aid recovery:

  • Offer small sips of clear fluids such as water, diluted juice, or clear broth. Ice chips can also be soothing.

  • For younger children, especially infants, consult with a healthcare provider about using oral rehydration solutions that contain the right mix of fluids and electrolytes.

  • Avoid sugary drinks, milk, or caffeinated beverages, which may worsen symptoms.

  • If your child is breastfeeding or formula-fed, you can continue feeding in small amounts if they are able to keep it down.

  • Once your child feels ready to eat, start with gentle, bland foods like rice, toast, or plain crackers. Avoid spicy, greasy, or high-fiber foods until digestion returns to normal.

When Medical Care May Be Necessary

Most cases of stomach flu resolve within a few days. However, if your child is:

  • Unable to keep any fluids down

  • Showing signs of moderate or severe dehydration

  • Experiencing blood in vomit or stool

  • Having symptoms that persist longer than a few days

  • Experiencing high fever or unusual drowsiness

… it’s time to consult a doctor. In some instances, intravenous fluids (IV therapy) may be required to restore hydration and electrolytes.

Final Thoughts

Stomach flu is a common childhood illness, but it can be managed effectively with proper care and attention. Knowing how to spot symptoms early, prevent the spread of infection, and respond to signs of dehydration can help your child recover more comfortably and avoid complications.