Facial eczema can be particularly uncomfortable and disruptive because the skin in this area is sensitive and often exposed. People with this condition may notice itchy, inflamed patches on their cheeks, forehead, or around the eyes, which can crack, blister, or ooze. While there is no single cause, individuals with a personal or family history of eczema, asthma, or allergies are at higher risk.

Treatment for eczema on the face typically includes topical creams, light therapy, and medications to manage inflammation and prevent flare-ups.

Types of eczema on the face

Eczema can appear on different parts of the face depending on the type. The most common areas affected are the eyelids and lips, which have thinner, more delicate skin.

Atopic dermatitis
This is the most frequent cause of facial eczema, especially among children. Symptoms often include dry, red patches around the eyes and lips.

Contact dermatitis
This type occurs due to an allergic or irritant reaction from products like shampoos, hair dyes, or fragrances. It can affect the face, scalp, and neck.

Seborrheic dermatitis
Commonly known as dandruff, this form of eczema causes flaky white or yellow scales on the scalp, face, and even inside the ears. It typically affects oily or greasy skin areas.

Facial eczema symptoms

The symptoms of facial eczema can vary based on skin type, severity, and individual reactions. Some common symptoms include:

  • Blisters that ooze and form crusts

  • Dry, flaky, or thickened skin

  • Redness and swelling

  • Changes in skin color or texture

  • Small bumps, especially on darker skin tones

  • Marks from scratching

  • Discharge or bleeding around the ears

In people with lighter skin, eczema may look red. In contrast, those with darker skin may experience dark brown, purple, or gray patches, sometimes with rough or bumpy textures.

What causes eczema on the face?

Your skin serves as a barrier that protects you from external elements. In people with eczema, this barrier is compromised—often due to genetic factors—resulting in dryness and tiny cracks that allow irritants in.

Irritants and allergens such as fragrances, harsh soaps, or metals found in jewelry can trigger a reaction. Ingredients in cosmetic and skincare products may also worsen symptoms.

Lack of ceramides, the lipids that help lock in moisture, can lead to facial dryness. Hormonal changes involving estrogen or progesterone may also influence flare-ups.

Risk factors

Although anyone can develop facial eczema, certain individuals are more susceptible due to factors such as:

  • Family history of eczema or other allergic conditions

  • Existing allergies or asthma

  • Exposure to stress, smoke, or environmental pollution

  • Weakened immune system

  • Living in areas with extreme climates

How is facial eczema diagnosed?

A healthcare provider can diagnose facial eczema through a physical exam and medical history. Additional tests may include:

Allergy skin testing
This identifies specific allergens by applying them to the skin to observe any reactions.

Skin biopsy
A small sample of skin is removed for testing to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms.

Treatments

Treating facial eczema typically involves medications applied directly to the skin, oral drugs, injections, or light therapy, depending on severity.

Creams and ointments
These help moisturize the skin and protect it from irritants.

  • Calcineurin inhibitors such as pimecrolimus or tacrolimus reduce inflammation and bacterial growth.

  • Crisaborole ointment is used for mild to moderate eczema, relieving itching and rashes.

  • JAK inhibitors like ruxolitinib cream target inflammation and itch.

  • Topical corticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone, provide short-term relief but should not be used around the eyes or for extended periods without medical advice.

Injections
Medications like Dupixent and Adbry are biologics that reduce inflammation. These may be administered in a clinic or self-injected at home.

Oral medications
Drugs such as abrocitinib and upadacitinib are used for moderate to severe cases. Immunosuppressants like methotrexate or azathioprine may also be prescribed.

Light therapy
Phototherapy exposes the skin to UVB light to ease symptoms. This treatment is typically done two to three times a week and should be supervised by a healthcare provider. Tanning beds or sunlamps are not safe alternatives.

How to prevent facial eczema

Maintaining a consistent skincare routine is key to preventing flare-ups.

  • Use unscented, gentle cleansers

  • Avoid touching your face with dirty hands or irritating materials

  • Pat your skin dry instead of rubbing it

  • Apply moisturizer while skin is still slightly damp

  • Avoid products with alcohol or high water content that can dry out the skin

  • Limit bathing to once a day using lukewarm water

  • Refrain from scratching and keep nails trimmed to avoid further irritation

Living with facial eczema

Managing facial eczema requires patience and mindfulness. The visibility of the condition can cause emotional stress, which in turn may worsen flare-ups. If symptoms impact your confidence or mental health, speak to a healthcare provider.

Avoid eczema triggers
Identify and stay away from known irritants or allergens that cause symptoms. Triggers vary by individual and may require a dermatologist’s evaluation.

Carefully choose your makeup
Avoid applying makeup on active rashes. If necessary, use moisturizing liquid foundations rather than powders, which can increase dryness. Brands like Clinique and bareMinerals are often recommended for sensitive skin.

Have a good skincare routine
Affordable moisturizers like CeraVe Moisturizing Cream or Vaseline Intensive Care can be effective. Look for products with ceramides and avoid those with fragrance. Gentle cleansers like Vanicream are suitable for sensitive skin.

As a general rule, minimalism is best. Avoid overloading your face with multiple products and focus on restoring moisture so the skin can heal naturally.

A quick review

Eczema is a chronic condition that often affects the face, leading to dry, itchy, and red patches. Although it cannot be cured, several treatments—including creams, oral medication, and phototherapy—can help manage symptoms.

If you have concerns about facial eczema, consult a dermatologist. In the meantime, limit exposure to triggers and follow a gentle skincare routine to help prevent flare-ups and discomfort.