Hormonal acne can be persistent and frustrating, especially for adults who may have thought their days of breakouts were behind them. Unlike regular acne, which is often tied to surface-level factors like bacteria or poor hygiene, hormonal acne is deeply rooted in your body’s internal chemistry. This type of acne typically shows up around the jawline, chin, or lower cheeks and is often characterized by deep, cystic pimples that tend to recur at certain times—such as right before menstruation in women.
Understanding Hormonal Acne
Hormonal acne is triggered by fluctuations in androgen hormones, such as testosterone, which can increase the production of sebum (oil) in the skin. Excess sebum can clog pores, mix with dead skin cells, and lead to inflammation. One of the clearest signs your acne is hormonal is its timing and location: recurring breakouts in the lower part of the face, especially before or during your menstrual cycle, are a strong indicator.
Unlike adolescent acne, hormonal acne is less likely to respond well to typical over-the-counter products. It may require both internal and external interventions to properly manage.
Medical Treatment Options
One of the most effective ways to address hormonal acne is by balancing the hormones responsible for breakouts. Birth control pills containing estrogen and progestin are often prescribed to help regulate hormonal fluctuations. These medications can reduce the production of androgens, minimizing the oiliness that contributes to acne.
Spironolactone is another commonly prescribed medication. While it's primarily used as a diuretic for blood pressure management, it also blocks androgen receptors in the skin, helping to reduce breakouts related to excess oil. This treatment is especially effective for women who experience hormonal acne that doesn’t improve with other approaches.
Topical treatments also play a role in managing breakouts. Products containing retinoids, salicylic acid, or azelaic acid can help unclog pores and encourage skin turnover. Prescription topical medications, like dapsone (Aczone), provide anti-inflammatory benefits without being overly drying—an important feature for those with sensitive skin.
Skincare and Lifestyle Adjustments
A proper skincare routine is crucial when dealing with hormonal acne. Gently cleansing your face twice a day helps keep pores clear of sweat, dirt, and makeup. It’s important to avoid over-washing or using harsh scrubs, as this can irritate the skin and potentially worsen acne.
Moisturizing is equally essential—even if you have oily skin. The key is to choose non-comedogenic, oil-free moisturizers that hydrate without clogging pores. Skipping moisturizer can lead your skin to produce even more oil in an effort to compensate, which can backfire.
Diet may also play a role in managing hormonal acne. Some studies suggest that dairy—especially skim milk—and high glycemic index foods (like white bread, pasta, and sugary snacks) may trigger breakouts in some individuals. Replacing dairy with alternatives like almond milk and reducing sugar intake can be helpful for certain people. Additionally, incorporating probiotics through supplements or fermented foods like yogurt may help reduce inflammation by supporting gut health.
Physical activity also contributes to overall skin health. Exercise helps regulate stress hormones and improves blood circulation, both of which can reduce inflammation and support skin repair. Just remember to wash your face promptly after working out to remove sweat and prevent clogged pores.
Stress management is another often overlooked factor. High levels of stress lead to increased cortisol production, which can worsen acne by triggering more oil production. Techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, yoga, or even journaling can make a big difference in reducing stress-related breakouts.
When To Consider Professional Help
If hormonal acne is significantly impacting your self-esteem, causing scarring, or not improving despite consistent efforts, it’s time to consult a dermatologist. They can assess your hormone levels, review your skincare routine, and provide personalized recommendations. In-office treatments like chemical peels or light therapy may be suggested to speed up results and reduce acne-related pigmentation or texture issues.
Final Thoughts
Hormonal acne requires a holistic approach. While a consistent skincare routine is foundational, addressing internal imbalances is often key to long-term results. With the right combination of medical treatments, gentle skincare, and healthy lifestyle choices—including stress management and dietary adjustments—you can significantly reduce or even eliminate hormonal breakouts over time. Be patient with your skin, as improvements may take several weeks to become noticeable, but the results will be worth the effort.
