Understanding the Basics

A Pap smear (or Pap test) is a simple screening used to detect cervical cancer or early cellular changes caused by HPV (human papillomavirus). During the test, a healthcare provider uses a speculum to open the vagina and collect a small sample of cells from the cervix, which is then analyzed in a lab.

This test is usually done every 3 to 5 years for individuals with a cervix, typically between ages 25 and 65. It’s often combined with an HPV test for more accurate results.

Can You Get a Pap Smear During Your Period?

Yes — you can have a Pap smear while on your period, but it’s not always ideal. The main concern is how much you’re bleeding and how comfortable you feel.

  • If your period is light, the test can usually be performed without any issue.

  • If your flow is heavy, the blood can obscure the cervical cells, which may affect accuracy or make the test inconclusive.

In that case, your provider may suggest rescheduling for a few days after your period ends.

How Menstrual Blood Affects Results

Pap smears today are usually liquid-based cytology tests, which means the cervical cells are placed in a liquid solution before being examined.

According to Dr. Rebecca Brightman, OB-GYN at Mount Sinai, labs can often separate the blood from cervical cells to analyze the sample properly. However, if there’s too much blood, it may still obscure the view, requiring a repeat test.

Comfort and Personal Preference

Beyond the accuracy concern, comfort also matters. Some people feel uneasy having a pelvic exam while on their period, especially with heavier flow or cramping.

If that’s you, it’s perfectly fine to call ahead and reschedule. Your healthcare provider will usually help you find a better date—ideally mid-cycle, when you’re not bleeding and the cervix is easier to visualize.

When to Schedule a Pap Smear

For the most accurate and comfortable experience, try to book your test:

  • About 10–20 days after the first day of your period

  • When you’re not bleeding or spotting

You should also avoid the following for 24–48 hours before the test:

  • Sexual intercourse

  • Douching or vaginal rinses

  • Tampons or vaginal medications

These can affect the quality of your cervical sample.

When You Shouldn’t Delay

If your provider ordered a Pap test because of abnormal bleeding, unusual discharge, or pelvic pain, don’t wait until your next cycle. In those cases, it’s important to get tested as soon as possible, regardless of your period.

A Quick Review

You can get a Pap smear while on your period — especially if the bleeding is light — but heavy flow can interfere with test accuracy. If you’re not comfortable or your period is heavy, it’s best to reschedule for a few days after menstruation.

The goal is to ensure your provider gets a clear, accurate sample so you don’t have to repeat the test.