Myth: It Only Affects the Reproductive System

Endometriosis is often thought to only impact the reproductive organs, but in rare cases, it can spread to other parts of the body.

The condition typically affects the ovaries, fallopian tubes, tissues and ligaments supporting the uterus, or the uterine surface. However, it can also appear in areas like the vagina, cervix, bowel, bladder, or even beyond the pelvis in very rare cases—such as the lungs, skin, or brain.

Because it can cause widespread inflammation, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in slowing its spread and protecting overall health.

Myth: It’s Easy to Diagnose

Endometriosis is one of the most difficult conditions to diagnose because its symptoms are often vague and resemble other disorders.

The most common signs—severe menstrual pain, pain during sex, or discomfort when using the bathroom—can easily be mistaken for unrelated issues.

There is no single blood test for endometriosis. Diagnosis often requires medical imaging or, in most cases, laparoscopic surgery with tissue biopsy. These procedures remain the gold standard for confirming the disease, though researchers are developing less invasive methods.

Myth: Only Certain Women Have It

In the past, endometriosis was wrongly believed to affect only thin, white women in their 30s and 40s. This harmful myth excluded many people from awareness and diagnosis.

Endometriosis can affect women of all races and backgrounds, and even transgender women, non-binary people, and, in very rare cases, biological men.

The misconception that women of color don’t develop endometriosis has contributed to racial disparities in diagnosis. Limited representation in clinical research has also made the condition harder to recognize across diverse groups.

Myth: Genetics Are the Only Risk Factor

Family history does increase the risk—having a mother or sister with endometriosis raises the chance by up to six times. But genetics aren’t the only factor.

Other possible risks include:

• Never having children

• Long periods lasting more than seven days

• Short menstrual cycles

• Blockages in menstrual blood flow

• Immune system dysfunction

• Past surgical complications

This shows that even without a family history, anyone can still develop endometriosis.

Myth: The More Painful It Is, the More Severe

Pain levels don’t always match the severity of the disease. Someone with mild endometriosis may have debilitating pain, while another person with extensive lesions may feel only mild discomfort.

Common experiences include chronic pelvic pain, pain during ovulation, spotting between periods, or pain that worsens during menstruation.

While some menstrual discomfort is normal, extreme pain that keeps you from daily activities is not and should never be ignored.

Myth: It Can Be Cured

There is currently no cure for endometriosis. However, treatments can help manage symptoms, reduce progression, and improve quality of life.

Options include hormonal medications, pain management, and surgery to remove lesions. Still, even after surgery, the condition often recurs—up to 50% of patients experience pain again within five years.

Menopause may bring remission because hormone production decreases, but until then, ongoing medical care is usually necessary. Endometriosis is a chronic condition, and long-term management is key.